Historiography

An authoritative list of scholarly publications about William F. Cody and his world that includes a wide range of disciplinary approaches.

  • Anderson, Harry H. “General Charles King and Buffalo Bill’s Silent Western Movies.” Historical Messenger of the Milwaukee County Historical Society, 22, no 3 (September 1966): 93-98.
  • Barrett, Thomas M. “Cowboys or Indians?: Cossacks and the Internationalization of the American Frontier.” Journal of the West 42:1 (Winter 2003): 52-59.
  • Beck, David R. M. Unfair Labor? American Indians and the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2019.
  • Bernd, Lisa. “Annie Oakley and the Disruption of Victorian Expectations.” Alabama Review 65:3 (July 2012): 39-48.
  • Biscàro, Andrea. Buffalo Bill è Arrivato a Torino: Storie di Piole, Amore e Selvaggio West [Buffalo Bill has Arrived in Turin: Stories of Piole, Love, and the Wild West]. Turin, Italy: Rivoli, 2010.
  • Blackstone, Sarah. The Business of Being Buffalo Bill: Selected Letters of William F. Cody, 1879-1917. New York: Praeger, 1988.
  • _______. Buckskin, Bullets and Business: A History of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1986.
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: A Study of the History, Structure, Personnel, Imagery and Effect.” Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University (1983).
  • Bold, Christine. “Where Did the Black Rough Riders Go?” Canadian Review of American Studies 39:3 (2009): 273-297.
  • _______. Selling the Wild West: Popular Western Fiction, 1860 – 1960. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
  • Bonner, Robert E. and Rebecca Wingo. “The Artistic Legacy of Buffalo Bill Cody.” Cody Studies. The Papers of William F. Cody (2016).
  • Bonner, Robert E. “‘Not an Imaginary Picture Altogether, but Parts’: The Artistic Legacy of Buffalo Bill Cody.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History 61:1 (Spring, 2011): 40-59.
  • _______. William F. Cody’s Wyoming Empire: The Buffalo Bill Nobody Knows. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007.
  • _______. “Elwood Mead, Buffalo Bill Cody, & the Carey Act in Wyoming.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History 55:1 (Spring, 2005): 36-51.
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill Cody and Wyoming Water Politics.” The Western Historical Quarterly 33:4 (Winter, 2002): 432-451.
  • Bradshaw, Charles C. A Horse’s Tale, by Mark Twain, with an afterword by Shelley Fisher Fishkin. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2020.
  • Bricklin, Julia. America’s Best Female Sharpshooter: The Rise and Fall of Lillian Frances Smith. Volume 2 in The William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2017.
  • Bridger, Bobby. Buffalo Bill and Sitting Bull: Inventing the Wild West. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002.
  • Brooklyn Museum of Art. Buffalo Bill and the Wild West. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1981.
  • Burns, Emily C. Transnational Frontiers: The American West in France. Volume 29 in the Charles M. Russell Center Series on Art and Photography of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2018.
  • Carter, Robert A. Buffalo Bill Cody: The Man Behind the Legend. New York: Wiley, 2002.
  • Christianson, Frank, ed. The Popular Frontier: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Transnational Mass Culture. Volume 4 in William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2017.
  • _______, ed. The Wild West in England, by William F. Cody. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012.
  • _______, ed. The Life of Hon. William F. Cody, Known as Buffalo Bill, by William F. Cody. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2011.
  • Cody, Aldus Morrill. Phillip and Martha: Their Sons and Daughters… The Cody Family in North America. [n.p.]: The International Cody Family Association, 1986.
  • Columbus, Nicole. “Between Savagery and Civilization: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and the Representation of America.” Honors Thesis, Harvard College (March 1997).
  • Creekmur, Corey K. “Buffalo Bill (Himself): History and Memory in the Western Biopic.” In Janet Walker, ed., Westerns: Films through History. (New York, NY: American Film Institute, 2001): 131-147.
  • Cunningham, Tom F. Your Fathers the Ghosts: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West in Scotland. Edinburgh, Scotland: Black & White Publishing, 2007.
  • Deahl, William Evans, Jr.”Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show in New Orleans.” Louisiana History 16, no 3 (Jul 1975): 289-290.
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, 1885.” Annals of Wyoming 47, no 2 (Apr 1975): 138-151.
  • _______. “A History of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, 1883-1913.” Ph.D. dissertation, Southern Illinois University (1974).
  • _______. “Nebraska’s Unique Contribution to the Entertainment World.” Nebraska History 49 (Autumn 1968): 283-297.
  • Delaney, Michelle. Art and Advertising in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Volume 6 in The William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019.
  • Delaney, Michelle Anne. Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Warriors: A Photographic History by Gertrude Käsebier. New York: Collins, 2007.
  • Delaney, Michelle and Rebecca Wingo. “‘I Shall Be Glad to See Them’: Gertrude Käsebier‘s ‘Show Indian’ Photographs.” Cody Studies. The Papers of William F. Cody (2012).
  • Deloria, Philip J. Indians in Unexpected Places. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2004.
  • Dixon, Chris, ed. Buffalo Bill from Prairie to Palace, by John M. Burke. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2012.
  • _______. Four Years in Europe with Buffalo Bill, by Charles Eldridge Griffin. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2010.
  • Dobrow, Joe. Pioneers of Promotion: How Press Agents for Buffalo Bill, P. T. Barnum, and the World’s Columbian Exposition Created Modern Marketing. Volume 5 in The William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2018.
  • Eisenhouer, Virginia. “Alexander Edwin Sweet and the Wild West Show.” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 93, no 2 (Oct 1989): 199-207.
  • Enss, Chris. The Many Loves of Buffalo Bill: The True Story of Life on the Wild West Show. Guilford, CT: The Globe Pequot Press, 2010.
  • _______. Buffalo Gals: Women of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. Guilford, CT: The Globe Pequot Press, 2006.
  • Escudé, Jordi Marill. Aquell Hivern–: L’Espectacle de Buffalo Bill a Barcelona [That Winter–: Buffalo Bill’s Show in Barcelona]. J.J. de Olañeta, ed. Palma de Mallorca, Spain: Hesperus, 1998.
  • Farnum, Allen L. Pawnee Bill’s Historic Wild West: a Photodocumentary of the 1900–05 Show Tours. West Chester, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 1992.
  • Feest, Christian F. Indians and Europe: An Interdisciplinary Collection of Essays. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999.
  • Flint, Kate. The Transatlantic Indian, 1776-1930. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.
  • Foote, Stella A. Letters from “Buffalo Bill”. El Segundo: Upton, 1978.
  • Foreman, Carolyn T. Indians Abroad: 1493 – 1938. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1943.
  • Frank, Gene Roland. “The Relationship Between Myth and Historical Fact in Writing Plays about the American West: Two Examples of Original Scripts.” Ph.D. Dissertation, New York University (2000).
  • Freeland, Thomas Anthony. “The National Entertainment: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and the Pageant of American Empire.” Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University (1999).
  • Friesen, Steve. Lakota Performers in Europe: Their Culture and the Artifacts They Left Behind. Volume 3 in William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2017.
  • _______. Buffalo Bill: Scout, Showman, Visionary. Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 2010.
  • Fulbright, Jim and Albert Stehno, editors. Oklahoma Rough Rider: Billy McGinty’s Own Story. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008.
  • Gallop, Alan. Buffalo Bill’s British Wild West. Gloucesteshire, UK: Sutton Publishing, 2001.
  • Gard, Wayne. “A Tale of the Old Days: Buffalo Bill Comes to Town.” Southwest Review 69, no 1 (1984): 54-58.
  • Georgian, Richard Alexis. Cossacks, Indians and Buffalo Bill: The Adventures of Georgian Riders in America. Naples, FL: Barringer Publishing, 2011.
  • Grant, Roger. “An Iowan with Buffalo Bill: Charles Eldridge Griffin in Europe, 1903-1906.” Palimpsest: Journal of the State Historical Society of Iowa 54:1 (January-February 1973): 2-14.
  • Gray, John S. “Fact Versus Fiction in the Kansas Boyhood of Buffalo Bill.” Kansas History 8 (Spring 1985): 2-20.
  • Gustafson, Antoinette McCloskey. “The Image of the West in American Popular Performance.” Ph.D. dissertation, New York University (1988).
  • Haddad, John R. “The Wild West Turns East: Audience, Ritual, and Regeneration in Buffalo Bill’s Boxer Uprising.” American Studies 49:3/4(Winter 2008): 5-38.
  • Hall, Roger. Performing the American Frontier, 1870-1906. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
  • Havighurst, Walter. Annie Oakley of the Wild West. New York: The MacMillan Co., 1954. Reprinted by Bison Books with new introduction by Christine Bold, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992.
  • Hedren, Paul L. “The Contradictory Legacies of Buffalo Bill Cody’s First Scalp for Custer.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History 55:1 (Spring 2005): 16-35.
  • Hedren, Paul L., and Don Russell. First Scalp for Custer: The Skirmish at Warbonnet Creek, Nebraska, July 17, 1876, with a Short History of the Warbonnet Battlefield. Glendale: Arthur H. Clark, 1980.
  • Heppler, Jason. “‘Self-sustaining and a good citizen’: William F. Cody and the Progressive Wild West.” Cody Studies. The Papers of William F. Cody (2010).
  • Herman, Daniel Justin. “God Bless Buffalo Bill.” Reviews in American History 29 (2001): 228-237.
  • Hinton, Gregory. “Out West with Buffalo Bill: Rosa Bonheur and Oscar Wilde.” Points West (Summer 2012): 8-13.
  • Houze, Lynn J. & Johnston, Jeremy M., eds. Beckoning Frontiers: The Memoir of a Wyoming Entrepreneur, foreword by Alan K. Simpson & Peter K. Simpson. The Papers of William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2020.
  • Hughes, James. “Those Who Passed Through Unusual Visits to Unlikely Places.” New York History 89:1 (Winter 2008): 76-81.
  • Johnston, Jeremy. “We Want Them Dead Rather Than Alive: Buffalo Bill the Lawman.” Wild West History Association Journal (December 2011).
  • Jones, Virgil Carrington. Roosevelt’s Rough Riders. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1971.
  • Jonnes, Jill. Eiffel’s Tower: And the World’s Fair where Buffalo Bill Beguiled Paris, the Artists Quarreled, and Thomas Edison became a Count. New York, NY: Viking Penguin, 2009.
  • Kasper, Shirl. Annie Oakley. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992.
  • Kasson, Joy S. Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: Celebrity, Memory, and Popular History. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000.
  • _______. “Life-Like, Vivid, and Thrilling Pictures: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Early Cinema.” In Janet Walker, ed., Westerns: Films through History. (New York, NY: American Film Institute, 2001): 109-130.
  • Kroes, Rob. “European Responses to American Mass Culture: The Case of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” European Contributions to American Studies 54 (Jan 2005): 51-71.
  • Leader, Glenn Charles. “Annie Oakley in Performance: The Evolution of an Image.” Ph.D. dissertation, Florida State University School of Theatre (1997).
  • Leonard, Elizabeth Jane, and Julia Cody Goodman. Buffalo Bill, King of the Old West: Biography of William F. Cody, Pony Express Rider, Buffalo Hunter, Plains Scout & Guide, Master Showman. Ed. by James Williams Hoffman. New York: Library Publishers, 1955.
  • Logan, Herschel C. Buckskin and Satin: the Life of Texas Jack…and his Wife Mlle. Morlacchi. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole, 1954.
  • Lottini, Irene. “When Buffalo Bill Crossed the Ocean: Native American Scenes in Early Twentieth Century European Culture.” European Journal of American Culture 31:3 (2012): 187-203.
  • Macy, Sue. Bull’s-Eye: a Photobiography of Annie Oakley. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 2001.
  • Maddra, Sam. Hostiles? The Lakota Ghost Dance and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2006.
  • Makharadze, Irakli (Kakha Tolordava, trans.). “Wild West Georgians “Cossack” Riders in Buffalo Bill’s Shows.” Journal of the West 44:3 (Summer 2005): 78-84.
  • Martin, Jonathan D. “‘The Grandest and Most Cosmopolitan Object Teacher’: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and the Politics of American Identity, 1883-1899,” Radical History Review 66 (1996): 92-123.
  • Masterson, Michael Lee. “Sounds of the Frontier: Music in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Mexico (1990).
  • McLaird, James David. “George T. Beck: Western Entrepreneur.” M.A. Thesis, University of Wyoming (June 1966).
  • McMurtry, Larry. The Colonel and Little Missie: Buffalo Bill, Annie Oakley, and the Beginnings of Superstardom in America. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006.
  • McNenly, Linda Scarangella. Native Performers in Wild West Shows: From Buffalo Bill to Euro Disney. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2012.
  • Miller, April. “Princess Wenona Champion Lady Rifle Shot of the World.” Gilcrease Journal 16:1 (2008): 34-43.
  • Monaghan, Jay. The Great Rascal: The Life and Adventures of Ned Buntline. Boston: Little, Brown, 1952.
  • Montague, Judith Toraason. “Problems Encountered in Writing a Biographical Play: A Case Study of Annie Oakley. M.A. Thesis, San Diego State University (1994).
  • Moses, L.G. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians, 1883-1933. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1996.
  • _______. “Wild West Shows, Reformers, and the Image of the American Indian, 1887-1914.” South Dakota History 14 (1984): 193-221.
  • Myers, Rex. “The Cody Route to Yellowstone.” Annals of Wyoming: The Wyoming History Journal 81:4 (Autumn 2009): 11-19.
  • Nees, Heidi L. and Ann Haugo. “Annie Oakley: Hitting the Bulls-Eye of American Identity.” M.A. Thesis, Illinois State University (2008).
  • Nesheim, David. “How William F. Cody Helped Save the Buffalo Without Really Trying.” Great Plains Quarterly 27:3 (Summer 2007): 163-175.
  • Nieuwenhuyse, Craig Francis. “Six-Guns on the Stage: Buffalo Bill Cody’s First Celebration of the Conquest of the American Frontier.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley (June 1981).
  • Noble, James. Around the Coast with Buffalo Bill: the Wild West in Yorkshire & Lincolnshire. East Yorkshire: Hutton Press, 1999.
  • Paul, Andrea I. “Buffalo Bill and Wounded Knee: The Movie.” Nebraska History 71 (Winter, 1990): 182-190.
  • Pegler, Martin and Graeme Rimer. Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Leeds: Royal Armouries Museum, 1999.
  • Peterson, Nancy M. “Buffalo Bill’s Lost Legacy.” American History (October, 2003): 51-67, 80.
  • Rainger, Judy Greaves. “Buffalo Bill, Boulanger, and Bonheur: Trans-Atlantic Cultural Exchanges in the ‘Fin-de-Siecle’.” Proceedings of the Western Society for French History 26 (Oct 1999): 243-252.
  • Ramer, Randy. “Featuring Buffalo Bill (Himself).” Gilcrease Journal 16:1 (2008): 46-58.
  • Rangel, Pablo A. “Racialized Nationality: Mexicans, Vaqueros, and U.S. Nationalism in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” M.A. thesis, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (July, 2013).
  • Reddin, Paul. Wild West Shows. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
  • Rennert, Jack. 100 Posters of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. New York: Darien House, 1976.
  • Riley, Glenda.”Annie Oakley: Creating the Cowgirl.” Montana 45, no 3 (1995): 32-47.
  • _______. The Life and Legacy of Annie Oakley. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994.
  • Rogers, Brent M. “Buffalo Bill, Rough Riders, and the Manly Image.” Cody Studies. The Papers of William F. Cody (2010).
  • Roosevelt, Theodore. The Rough Riders. 1899; reprint Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998.
  • _______. The Winning of the West, 4 Volumes. New York: Putnam, 1889-1896.
  • Rosa, Joseph G. “Wild Bill Hickok, Buffalo Bill Cody & the Grand Buffalo Hunt at Niagara Falls.” Nebraska History 86:1 (Mar 2005): 14-25.
  • Rosa, Joseph G. and Robin May. Buffalo Bill and His Wild West: A Pictorial Biography. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1989.
  • Rulli, Daniel F. “Teaching with On-line Primary Sources: Documents from NARA.” Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 31:2 (Fall 2006): 90-95.
  • Russell, Don. The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1979.
  • _______. The Wild West; or, A History of the Wild West Shows. Fort Worth: Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, 1970.
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill — In Action.” Chicago Westerners Brand Book 19, no 5 (July, 1962): 33-35, 40.
  • Rydell, Robert W., “London’s American Exhibition of 1887: How a Cultural Farce became a Political Force.” European Contributions to American Studies 60 (Oct 2005): 57-68. Reprinted in, Over (T)here: Transatlantic Essays in Honor of Rob Kroes. Kate Delaney and Ruud Janssens, Eds. Amsterdam: VU University Press, 2005.
  • _______. “Into the Heart of Whiteness: The Transnational Saga of John Tevi.” European Contributions to American Studies 50 (Jan 2004): 23-33.
  • Rydell, Robert W., and Rob Kroes. Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.
  • Sagala, Sandra K. Buffalo Bill on the Silver Screen: The Films of William F. Cody. Volume 1 in The William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2013).
  • _______. Buffalo Bill on Stage. University of New Mexico Press, 2008. [Revision of Buffalo Bill, Actor: A Chronicle of Cody’s Theatrical Career. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books, 2002.]
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill Cody v. Doc Carver: The Battle Over the Wild West.” Nebraska History 85:1 (Mar 2004): 2-15.
  • Sarf, Wayne Michael. God Bless You, Buffalo Bill: A Layman’s Guide to History and the Western Film. (East Brunswick, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1983).
  • Sayers, Isabelle S. Annie Oakley and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West. Dover Publications Inc., 1981.
  • Schell, Laura. “Saving Buffalo Bill: Discovery of the Jamestown Buffalo Bill Billboard.” Western New York Heritage 11, no 4 (2009): 32-34, 36-42.
  • Scott, Douglas D., Peter Bleed, and Stephen Damm. Custer, Cody, and Grand Duke Alexis: Historical Archaeology of the Royal Buffalo Hunt. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2013.
  • Sears, John F. “Bierstadt, Buffalo Bill, and the Wild West in Europe.” European Contributions to American Studies 25 (Mar 1993): 3-14.
  • Sell, Henry Blackman and Victor Weybright. Buffalo Bill and the Wild West. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955.
  • Serrano, Richard A. American Endurance: Buffalo Bill, the Great Cowboy Race of 1893, and the Vanishing Wild West. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books, 2016.
  • Shirley, Glenn. Pawnee Bill: A Biography of Major Gordon W. Lillie. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1958.
  • Singleton, Eric. “Grand Duke Alexis and the Great Winter Buffalo Hunt of 1871-1872” Gilcrease Journal 17:1 (2009): 5-19.
  • Slotkin, Richard. Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.
  • Sorg, Eric V. Buffalo Bill: Myth and Reality. Santa Fe, NM: Ancient City Press, 1998.
  • Springhall, John. “Buffalo Bill and His Wild West Show Opens London’s Earls Court in 1887.” Historian 97 (2008): 24-29.
  • Starita, Joe. The Dull Knives of Pine Ridge: A Lakota Odyssey. NY: G.P. Putnam, 1995 and NY: Berkley Books, 1996.
  • Stefani, Antonio. Arrivano i nostri: Buffalo Bill e La fanciulla del West in Campo Marzo : diarii vicentini 1906 e 1912 [Comes to the Rescue: Buffalo Bill and The Girl of the Golden West in Campo Marzo: Diaries of Vicenza in 1906 and 1912]. Vicenza, Italy: Nuovo Progetto, 1990.
  • Stetler, Julia Simone. “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West in Germany. A Transnational History.” Ph.D. thesis, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (May 2012).
  • Stillman, Deanne. Blood Brothers: The Story of the Strange Friendship between Sitting Bull and Buffalo Bill. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017.
  • Swartout, Annie Fern. Missie: An Historical Biography of Annie Oakley. Blanchester, Ohio: The Brown Publishing Co., 1947. Second ed. published as Annie Oakley: Her Life and Times, edited by Ronald Swartout, NY: A Hearthstone Book, Carlton Press, 1970.
  • Thorp, Raymond W. Spirit Gun of the West: the Story of Doc W. F. Carver… Western Frontiersmen Series VII, Glendale, CA: The Arthur H. Clark Co., 1957; also published as “Wild West” Doc Carver:  Spirit Gun of the West. London: W. Foulsham & Co., 1957.
  • Trachtenberg, Alan. Shades of Hiawatha: Staging Indians, Making Americans, 1880 – 1930. New York: Hill and Wang, 2005.
  • Walker, Dale L. The Boys of ’98: Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders. New York: Forge, 1998.
  • Walsh, Richard J., in collaboration with Milton S. Salsbury. The Making of Buffalo Bill: A Study in Heroics. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1928.
  • Warren, Louis S. Buffalo Bill’s America: William Cody and the Wild West Show. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005.
  • _______. “Cody’s Last Stand: Masculine Anxiety, The Custer Myth, and the Frontier of Domesticity in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.” Western Historical Quarterly 34:1 (Spring 2003): 49-69.
  • _______. “Buffalo Bill Meets Dracula: William F. Cody, Bram Stoker, and the Frontiers of Racial Decay.” American Historical Review 107:4 (Oct 2002): 1124-1157.
  • Westermeier, Clifford P. “Buffalo Bill’s Cowboys Abroad.” Colorado Magazine 52, no 4 (1975): 277-298.
  • Whissel, Kristen. “Placing the Spectator on the Scene of History: The Battle Re-enactment at the Turn of the Century, from Buffalo Bill’s Wild West to the Early Cinema.” Historical Journal of Film, Radio & Television 22:3 (Aug 2002): 225-243.
  • White, Kathryn ““Through Their Eyes”: Buffalo Bill’s Wild West as a Drawing Table for American Identity.” Constructing the Past 7:1 (2006): Article 8.
  • White, Richard. “Frederick Jackson Turner and Buffalo Bill.” In, The Frontier in American Culture, James R. Grossman, ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
  • Wickstrom, Gordon M. “Buffalo Bill the Actor.” Journal of the West 34, no 1 (January 1995): 62-69.
  • Wilson, R. L. with Greg Martin. Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: An American Legend. New York: Random House, 1998.
  • Winchester, Juti Anne. “All the West’s a Stage” Buffalo Bill, Cody, Wyoming and Western Heritage Presentation, 1846-1997.” Ph.D. dissertation, Northern Arizona University (May 1999).
  • Woodside, Martin. Frontiers of Boyhood: Imagining America, Past and Future. Volume 7 in The William F. Cody Series on the History and Culture of the American West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2020.
  • Yang, Hongseok. “Great Britain and the Buffalo Bill Show: The American West and the Formation of a Worldwide Image of the Indian” (Korean). Miguk-sa Yongu/Korean Journal of American History (Seoul) 25 (2007): 101-132.
  • Yost, Nellie. Buffalo Bill: His Family, Friends, Fame, Failures, and Fortunes. Chicago, Sage Books by The Swallow Press Incorporated, 1979.